盘点人们打呼噜的10大主要原因(下)

are a smoker

3.你是一个吸烟者

If you find that you cannot give up on your nicotine habit you may notice that, over the years, you start to snore.

如果你发现自己戒不掉尼古丁，你可能会注意到，几年之后，你开始打鼾了。

Perhaps only a little at first but more and more as the years go by. Sadly smoking, although pleasant and pleasurable for the smoker, is deeply unhealthy on a number of levels.

也许一开始并不严重，但随着年份的增加，会越来越明显。遗憾的是，吸烟尽管对于吸烟者来说是一种愉悦的享受，但在部分层面上却是非常不健康的行为。

The more a person smokes the more they irritate the lining of their airways, this can cause the flow of air into the body to suffer from turbulence.

一个人烟吸得越多，对呼吸道的刺激就越严重，就会造成进入人体的气体流通混乱。

This turbulence will, in turn, cause the soft tissues to vibrate which causes snoring.

反过来，这种混乱会造成软腭震动，从而引起打鼾。

In case you think this is just another 'stop smoking' guilt trip, studies have shown that smoking increases the likelihood that you will snore by more than two times.

你可能认为这是另一种劝你“戒烟”的说教，但研究表明，吸烟会使打鼾的可能性增加两倍以上。

Sadly, it is not just smokers who need to worry about the impact of their vice on their breathing.

遗憾的是，不仅是吸烟者需要担心自己的恶习对呼吸造成的影响。

The dangers of passive smoking have long been understood and it appears that exposure to second hand smoke can increase the risk of snoring.

人们早已了解到被动吸烟的危害，暴露在二手烟面前也有可能增加打鼾的风险。

If you enjoy your cigarettes but have noticed that you or your partner has already started to snore, you may need to think very seriously about quitting.

如果你喜爱吸烟，但也注意到你或者你的伴侣已经开始打鼾，你也许需要很严肃地考虑戒烟。

Giving up on your cigarettes will not fix the scarring to the airways and resolve the problems overnight but it will help make you healthier and, over time, your snoring should reduce.

戒烟不能修复呼吸道的疤痕，也不能一夜之间解决问题，但这会使你更加健康，并且随着时间的推移，打鼾的症状会减轻。

Quitting an addictive substance such as nicotine is difficult but the benefits are substantial.

戒掉一些像尼古丁之类易上瘾的东西很困难，但好处也显而易见。

are sick

2.患有疾病

Sometimes even non habitual snorers can start to sound like a motorcycle at night. This can often happen if they come down with something like a bad virus or the flu, both of which cause nasal congestion and other breathing difficulties.

有时候，非习惯性打鼾者在夜里也会鼾声大作，听起来就像摩托车的轰隆声。如果人们感染了某种病毒或流感以致鼻塞和其他呼吸问题，就会出现这种情况。

If you have read the earlier parts of this article you will know that snoring happens when airflow is impeded and that is exactly what happens when you have a blocked up nose.

如果你读过这篇文章前面的部分，你就会知道打鼾的原因是气流不畅，而鼻塞正会导致这种问题。

If such an attack of snoring only happens every now and then you probably have very little to be worried about.

如果只是偶尔这样打鼾，你也许不用太担心。

If, however, you start to snore every time you get a little congested then you may well develop a chronic snoring problem later in life as some of the other factors on this page start to take hold – when you put on weight or have to take certain medication, for example.

但是，若每次鼻塞的时候，你就会在晚上打鼾，那么随着本文提到的其他情况（比如体重增加或是服用特定药物）出现，今后你可能会患上慢性鼾症。

In the short term, the best thing you can do to prevent sickness related snoring is to take the necessary medication to resolve the illness as quickly as possible.

就防治鼾症相关疾病来说，短期内你能做的就是通过合理用药，尽快治好你目前的疾病。

Be sure to drink lots of clear fluids to help prevent the buildup of mucous blockages and make sure that you get plenty of Vitamin C to stave off a further illness.

确保每天摄入大量水分以防黏液堆积堵塞，并且确保每天获得充足的维生素C以预防疾病。

have sleep apnea

1.患有睡眠呼吸暂停综合症

Sometimes snoring is not just snoring it is a symptom of a potentially dangerous problem known as sleep apnea. This is a condition where your breathing during sleep is interrupted and you do not get enough oxygen to your system.

有时候打鼾不仅仅是鼾症那么简单，其中还有潜在的危险，即睡眠呼吸暂停综合症。这意味着你在睡眠期间呼吸会突然中断，你的身体系统无法得到充足的氧气。

Basically sleep apnea causes the sufferer's breathing to stop and start. There are two separate types know as obstructive and central.

睡眠呼吸暂停综合症患者一般会出现呼吸突然中断，紧接着又恢复呼吸的情况。该综合症分为两种，一种是阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停，另一种是中枢神经性睡眠呼吸暂停。

Obstructive sleep apnea happens if the sufferer's throat muscles relax too much and obstruct the airway, the obstruction causes loud uneven snores which then stop when the breathing ceases and start up again louder than ever when the person is able to take a breath once again.

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停是由于患者咽喉肌肉过分松弛而阻塞气道，引发不均匀的鼾声，具体表现为鼾声随呼吸突然停止，继而在患者恢复呼吸之时，再次响起，声音更大。

Central sleep apnea by contrast is caused by a failure of the sufferer's brain to send the correct signals to the body to cause it to breathe and can often come about as a side effect of heart or stroke problems.

中枢神经性睡眠呼吸暂停是由于大脑系统功能失调所引起，这意味着大脑无法准确传送呼吸信号，心脏病或中风患者也经常出现此症状。

Many sufferers are unaware that they have sleep apnea and may wonder why they feel tired when they are getting a full night's sleep. The answer is, of course, that they never reach a truly deep, restorative sleep because they keep waking up momentarily as their breathing is interrupted.

很多患者并未意识到他们患有睡眠呼吸暂停综合症，可能还会奇怪为何自己一觉醒来后会十分疲乏。答案当然是因为呼吸暂停导致他们经常性地突然惊醒，从而无法得到恢复性的深度睡眠。

Sometimes the first time someone becomes aware that they might be suffering from sleep apnea is when a frustrated and sleep deprived partner insists that they visit the doctor.

某些时候，直到有伴侣受不了睡觉时候被他人的鼾声打扰，强烈要求打鼾者去看医生的时候，他们才会首次意识到自己可能患有睡眠呼吸暂停综合症。

Obstructive sleep apnea may be exacerbated by many of the causes on this list. Sufferers are best advised to avoid drinking a lot of alcohol or smoking and should aim to lose weight.

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停可能会因本文所列的各种因素而加剧。所以患者应该尽量避免大量饮酒或吸烟，并且应该适当减肥。

For some people this will be enough to stop the snoring. Others might require a breathing machine called CPAP which is worn over the mouth and nose and provides a continuous supply of slightly pressured air through the night – the pressure is just enough to stop the airway collapsing.

对部分人来说，这样做就可以治好鼾症。有的人可能需要一台持续正压通气呼吸机，在夜间佩戴能够罩住嘴鼻的面罩，正压气流可通过面罩被送入患者的气道（压力足以防止气道萎陷）。

Other mechanical alternatives are available if this is not suitable for you and, if those fail a doctor may suggest surgery to reshape the soft tissue in your throat. Treatment for central sleep apnea varies and depends to a great extent on the cause behind it.

如果这不适合你，还有其他的机械替代品，如若上述方法皆不奏效，那么医生可能会建议通过手术对你咽喉部位的软组织进行整形。而对于中枢神经性睡眠呼吸暂停的治疗则在很大程度上取决于其背后的原因。