经济报告 6月中国制造业继续收缩
A brand new natural gas pipeline operated by China National Petroleum Corpin the southwestern province of Yunnan has sprung a leak, raising worries again about the safety of the nation’s vast network of oil and gas pipes.
中国石油天然气集团公司(CNPC)在中国西南部云南省运营的一条全新天然气管道发生泄漏，再度令人担心中国庞大的油气管道网络的安全性。China is rapidly expanding its gas supply to cities and industry as part of a shift away from its reliance on coal as a fuel. The equally rapid expansion of sprawling cities into former industrial zones combined with lack of co-ordination among oil groups and local government bureaux raises the risk of a dangerous breach.
中国正在快速扩建面向城市和工业的天然气供应基础设施，以减轻对煤炭作为一种燃料的依赖。同时，城市也以同样的高速度扩张，进入昔日的工业区，加上石油集团与地方政府部门之间缺乏统筹，这些因素加大了出现险情的风险。
The nation is in the first year of a three-year campaign to improve pipeline safety after a November 2013 leak in a crude pipeline operated by fellow oil group Sinopec in the coastal city of Qingdao caused an explosion that ripped through residential streets and killed more than 60 people.
2013年11月，另一家石油集团中石化(Sinopec)在海滨城市青岛运营的一条原油管道发生泄漏，造成一次爆燃事故，导致居民区街道被撕裂，60多人丧生。那次事故发生后，中国启动了提高管道安全性的三年行动，今年是这一行动的第一年。
The Qingdao explosion prompted a year-long review of the national pipeline network. The top problem identified was rampant construction above buried pipelines. Other issues included construction closer than legally permitted, and pipeline corrosion.
青岛爆燃事故引发了持续一年的全国管网评估。在评估中确定的最大问题是在埋设的管道之上大肆修建建筑。其他问题包括隔离距离不到法律规定的最低限度，以及管道腐蚀。A spur of CNPC’s gas pipeline in Yunnan, which carries gas from Myanmar, began commercial operations earlier in June. On Tuesday it began leaking gas near a highway tunnel about 30km from the city of Kunming after being damaged by an excavator.
中石油在云南运营的输气管道输送来自缅甸的天然气。这条管道的一条支线在6月上旬投入运行。周二，这条支线管道在被挖掘机破坏后发生泄漏，事发地点距离昆明约30公里，靠近一个高速公路隧道。The leak was caused by “a third party”, the official People’s Daily reported, without elaborating. The local government said repairs were under way but referred all questions to CNPC. The CNPC bureau responsible for the pipeline declined to comment by telephone.
据官方的《人民日报》报道，泄漏是由“第三方”引起的，该报没有详细说明原因。当地政府表示，抢修工作正在进行中，但要求记者向中石油查询。负责该管道的中石油旗下部门则拒绝在电话中置评。Wang Yutai, vice-director of safety at Sinopec, said theft of oil and gas from pipelines — which could lead to drops in pressure and potentially dangerous breaches — has been sharply reduced by stronger enforcement.
中石化安全监管局副局长王玉台介绍说，从管道偷窃石油和天然气的行为，可能导致管道内压力下降，潜在酿成险情；但加强执法已大幅减少了此类行为。Inadvertent breaches by construction or road-building crews remains a concern. A construction company’s drilling caused a crude pipe explosion that tore up an intersection in the industrial city of Jinzhou near Dalian a year ago.
建筑或路桥建设工程队在无意中损坏管道仍令人担忧。在邻近大连的工业城市锦州，一年前一家建筑公司的钻孔作业造成原油管道爆炸，撕裂了一个十字路口。Thornier issues include past leaks that have poisoned the soil around ageing and corroded pipelines, refineries and petrochemical plants. CNPC in March agreed to pay Rmb100m ($16m) to the inland city of Lanzhou to compensate for benzene leaks that contaminated the Yellow river as well as the city’s drinking water supply.
更棘手的问题包括，过去发生的泄漏毒化了老化和腐蚀的管道、炼油厂和石化厂周围的土壤。今年3月，中石油同意向内陆城市兰州支付1亿元人民币（合1600万美元），以赔偿对黄河乃至该市的饮用水造成污染的苯泄漏事故。Additional reporting by Owen Guo
郭晨(Owen Guo)补充报道
