图文阅读:令人惊叹的壮观:世界十大坑洞
Top 10 amazing holes in the Earth
In man's search for mineral wealth, many enormous holes have been dug. In addition, nature occasionally produces some astounding holes. This list is a pick of the ten most spectacular natural or manmade holes in the face of the earth.
人类在挖矿石时经常会挖掘出非常巨大的矿洞，此外，自然界有时会形成令人惊叹壮观的洞穴，以下是美国媒体列举的地球表面最壮观的自然或人为洞穴。
1. Darvaza Gas Crater-Turkmenistan 土库曼斯坦达尔瓦扎天然气坑洞
In 1971, geologists discovered a massive underground deposit of natural gas on this site. Whilst excavating the hole to tap the gas, thedrilling rig collapsed leaving a massive hole. To prevent poisonous gasses from escaping, the hole was allowed to burn. It continues to burn to this day and has done so without ceasing.
1971 年，地质学家发现该区域蕴藏着大量的地下天然气，在常年的开采过程中，由于不慎出现钻探环状坍塌，从而形成了一个非常大的坑洞。为了防止有毒气体溢出，土库曼斯坦政府允许对坑洞中的天然气进行燃烧，这个坑洞从白天到晚上一直处于熊熊烈火燃烧状态。因此，这处燃烧的天然气坑洞也被人们称为 “地狱之门”。
2. Kimberley Diamond Mine-South Africa 南非金伯利钻石矿坑
The Kimberley Diamond Mine (also known as the Big Hole) holds the (disputed) title of being the largest hand-dug hole in the world. From 1866 to 1914 50,000 miners dug the hole with picks and shovels, yielding 2,722 kg of diamonds. Attempts are being made to have it registered as a world heritage site.
金伯利钻石矿坑被认为是世界上最大的人力挖掘矿坑，从1866年至1914年，50000名矿工使用铁铲等工具进行挖掘，共挖掘出2722公斤钻石。目前，南非政府正试图将金伯利矿坑申请为一处世界文化遗址。
3. Monticello Dam-California 美国加州蒙地赛罗水坝
The Monticello Dam is a dam in Napa County, California, United States most noted for its large circular spillway with a rate of 48,400 cubic feet per second.
蒙地赛罗水坝位于美国加州绿帕县，这是美国大型循环泄洪道，每秒可泄洪48400立方英尺。
4. Bingham Canyon Mine-Utah 美国犹他州宾汉姆峡谷铜矿坑
The Bingham Canyon Mine is a copper mine in the Oquirrh mountains, Utah. The mine is 0.75 mile (1.2 km) deep, 2.5 miles (4 km) wide. It is the world's largest manmade excavation.
宾汉姆峡谷铜矿位于犹他州奥克尔(Oquirrh)山脉，这处矿坑深1200米，宽4000米。这是当前世界上最大的人为挖掘矿坑。
5. Great Blue Hole-Belize 洪都拉斯蓝洞
The Great Blue Hole is an underwater sinkhole off the coast of Belize. The hole is 1,000 feet across and 400 feet deep. It was formed as a limestone cave during the last iceage
洪都拉斯伯利兹市附近海域有一处叫做“蓝洞”的水下坑洞，这个大洞直径为1000英尺，深400英尺。它是在冰河时代末期形成的一个石灰石坑洞。
6. Mirny Diamond Mine-Siberia 俄罗斯西伯利亚米尔钻石矿坑
The Mirny Diamond Mine is 525m deep and has a diameter of 1200m. It was the first, and one of the largest, diamond Pipes in the USSR. It is now abandoned. While it was still operational, it would take two hours for trucks to drive from the top to the bottom of the mine.
米尔钻石矿坑深525米，其直径为1200米，它是前苏联最早、最大的管状钻石矿之一，目前这处矿场已被废弃。据称，在该矿场处于开采运行时，一辆卡车从矿坑底部开到顶部需要两个小时的时间。
7. Diavik Mine-Canada 加拿大戴维克钻石矿洞
The Diavik Mine is a mine in the Northwest territories of Canada. The mine (opened in 2003) produces 8 million carats or about 1,600 kg (3,500 lb) of diamonds every year.
戴维克钻石矿洞位于加拿大西北领地，这处矿场最初是在2003年开采挖掘，每年可以生产800万克拉或相当于1600公斤的钻石。
8. Sinkhole-Guatemala 危地马拉污水池洞
In 2007, a 300 foot deep sinkhole swallowed a dozen homes in Guatemala - killing 2 and causing thousands to be evacuated. The sinkhole was caused by rains and an underground sewage flow.
2007年，危地马拉突然出现地面塌方，十几处房屋瞬间落入一个300英尺深的污水池洞，从而导致2人死亡，数千人被迫撤离该区域。这个塌方的污水池是由于雨水和地下污水流动造成的。
9. Udachnaya Pipe-Russia 俄罗斯乌达奇纳亚钻石矿洞
The Udachnaya Pipe is a diamond mine in Russia. The owners of the mine plan to cease its operations in 2010 - in favor of underground mining. The mine was discovered in 1955 and is over 600 meters deep
这是俄罗斯一处钻石矿，矿主计划于2010年停止采矿，这样将有利于地下开采。据悉，乌达奇纳亚钻石矿是于1955年被发现，现已被挖掘600米深
10. Chuquicamata-Chile 智利Chuquicamata铜矿坑
Chuquicamata is an open pit copper mine in Chile. It is the mine with the largest total production of copper in the world - though it is not the largest copper mine. The mine is over 850 meters deep.
Chuquicamata是智利一处铜矿，虽然它并不是世界上铜矿储藏量最大的矿场，但是它目前是全球生产铜最多的矿场。这个矿洞现有850米深
