雅思写作理由构思方式

在雅思写作的考场上，很多考生会出现很难想出合适的观点，觉得无话可说，极其痛苦，有时甚至“Cannot reach the word number”(达不到考试的字数要求)。针对这种现象，本站将从以下几个角度，和大家分享一下雅思写作的常见构思方法，希望有所帮助。

雅思写作理由构思方式

最常用的方法：根据题目中关键词列出提纲，依据提纲思考出相应的理由。

以2014年2月15日雅思写作真题为例：

Some people think success of life is based on hard work and determination, but others think there are more important factors, like money and personal appearance. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.

烤鸭们可以从题目中的success of life, 仔细想想这样的生活包含的方面。

? Success of life:

a well-paid professional job and an affluent materialistic life style, make great contributions to society, have access to high reputation (be appreciated and valued), have happy and harmonious family, maintain optimistic mood (keep the spirit of perseverance), be healthy physically and mentally

它们又与hard work and determination有什么关系呢?

? Hard work:

a well-paid professional job and an affluent materialistic lifestyle;

make great contributions to society;

have access to high reputation (be appreciated and valued);

? Determination:

have happy and harmonious family;

maintain optimistic mood (keep the spirit of perseverance);

he healthy physically and mentally;

同样的道理分析另一个观点：成功的生活还需要别的要素，诸如金钱和个人形象。

事实上这个观点考生还是可以很快就有素材的：

? Money:

satisfy people’s needs: regular tourism, enjoy entertainment, eat nutritional food, success of life

? Personal appearance:

烤鸭们可以列举一些自己熟知的名人或偶像，依据外在的形象获得成功生活的人，比如Facebook CEO, 巴西球星内马尔，阿根廷球星梅西等。

针对这道题目，提纲先列到这里，烤鸭们可以依据自己的遣词造句的技艺书写出很漂亮的文章。

下面再介绍几种考生们在考场上能够灵活运用的议论文思路拓展方式：

从人的要素出发，凡事以人为本，因此那些能为人们带来益处的事物总是我们所推崇的，而那些不利于人们的事物则应该为我们所摒弃。

1. 人的健康Health

? Physical health

? Psychological development (stress/pressure/too much frustration)

请看下面这道考题：

2014年5月15日雅思写作真题：

Employers should give their staff at least a 4-week holiday a year to make employees better at their jobs. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

那么这道题目烤鸭们在立意时就可以从这个层面上去努力。写作思路是：

Agree:

1). Be beneficial to employees themselves in their fitness level

2). Be conducive to their mental health

3). Workplaces are the biggest beneficiaries

可以看出，在这道题目中，关于人的健康就为烤鸭们提供了2个段落的构思。

2. 人的教育 Education

? Academic success

? General knowledge

? Career achievement

教育的宗旨是传播和创造知识，Education is aimed to spread and create knowledge, 教育同时可以培养一个人的人品和人格shape personality。

请看下面这道考题：

2014年3月8日雅思写作真题：

Some people say that all young people should be required to stay in full-time education until they are at least 18 years old. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

具体的思路就可以沿用上面的思路：

Agree:

1). 培养一个人的人品和人格

2). Shape personality

3). Career achievement

3. 人与家庭 Family

? Generation gaps:

communication between adolescents and adults is very limited;

we cannot eliminate the generation gaps, but should bridge over them.

? Husband & Wife / Parents

请看下面这道考题：

2014年5月10日雅思写作真题：

In many countries nowadays, more and more women have full-time jobs as men, it is logical that men and women should share the household responsibility equally. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

基本思路是：

Agree:

1). Communication (Husband & Wife )

2). Husband’s accountability

3). Be beneficial to children’s sound development

朗阁雅思培训中心的老师要提醒考生们的是：在分析这道题目时最好与笔者在文章开始时介绍的那个办法相结合，也就是要打开题目中的关键字眼：share the household responsibility (look after the kids, the old, cooking, washing, watering the flowers, children’s education, ……)

4. 人与人之间 Relationships

? 普通人common people

? 某一类人kids, adolescents, young adults, adults, old age

最灵活的写法是可以从具体的人people who …, 人的需要demands找切入点，人的需求people’s desires (understanding and confidence between people and friendships), 还有民主Democracy, 民主的社会应该使公民的人权human rights得到保证，并做到对每个个体有同等的待遇。

请看下面这道考题：

2014年4月26日雅思写作真题：

People can work or study on the internet without going to school or company. Do the advantages outweigh its disadvantages?

More disadvantages than benefits:

Benefit 1: 从人的需要demands找切入点，人的需求people’s desires

Drawback 1: understanding and confidence between people and friendships

Drawback 2: 这个思路可能不在上面列出的内容里(online education degree is unlikely to be accepted by companies)

雅思技巧：大作文主体部分如何构思

要达到这样的要求，可以从以下两点出发：

方法一 多学习一些出色的范文，看一下他人是如何看待这一问题的，他们是如何表达自己的观点的，他们又是如何来支持自己的观点的，以及他们的写法有河借鉴之处。

方法二 多关心一下时事新闻，特别是要看一些英语新闻和报道，从中可了解世界的动态，最新的时事见解以及对时事的透彻分析，这些内容都有助于我们建立自己的观点和拓展我们的思路。

在引言段确立了自己的观点之后，最主要的任务就是进行一个“brainstorming”,顾名思义，就是我们应尽量地想出一些与主体段落中每个小段相关的想法，来为主体段落的写作作好准备。

先举例如下：

Many people believe that women make better parents than men and that this is why they have greater role in raising children in most societies. Others claim that men are just as good as women at parenting.

Write an essay expressing your point of view. Give reasons for your answer.

这是我们在构思时分析的一道题目，如前所述，主体段落分成两个小段：

Main body:

A women’s advantages and disadvantages of raising children

B men’s advantages and disadvantages of raising children

下面我们就来进行brainstorm，为它们找一些具体的论据：

A women’s advantages and disadvantages of raising children

1 women have more understanding of children’s needs.

2 women can be more patient with young children.

3 women can devote more time and energy to children.

4 women tend to indulge their children and spoil them.

B men’s advantages and disadvantages of raising children

1 men can teach young children to be more creative.

2 men often tell young children to be independent.

3 men raise children by making them brave and decisive.

4 men sometimes lose patience with children.

雅思技巧：三种雅思写作体裁介绍

三三式写法：

总体三大块，论述部分有三大块。主要使用于单方面观点的议论文，就是中心思想明显的文章。

开头段：引题+己方观点+转乘下文

论述段：理由段1： 主题句+支持句(说理、假设、举例…)

理由段2： 主题句+支持句(说理、假设、举例…)

理由段3： 让步段 反方的优点+反方的局限性和片面性+转乘(回到己方观点)

结尾段：重申己方观点，总结主题句。

对称式写法：

分别从某事物的正反两方面讨论论证，适用于讨论类的作文。

先写不赞成的观点，再写赞成的观点。最后在表态时说明自己的立场，加大一些篇幅。要从视觉效果上突出自己赞成的观点。

在阐述自己不赞成观点时，不妨使用一些表模糊、不确定的词：may seem perhaps maybe probably be possible/likely/unlikely to do might it is said…

雅思写作辅导课程中会教大家一些实用的写作方法与技巧，建议大家能够重视这些，还要合理利用雅思写作机经。

反证式写法：

把自己的观点建立在对反方观点的批驳之上的写作手法，只能用于有两个选择的题目，尤其适合于反方缺点显而易见，而正方优点难于表现的题目。

第一段：引题，亮出自己的观点，并引出下文。

第二段：反方观点的第一个缺陷。

第三段：反方观点的第二个缺陷。

第四段：己方观点的最大优点，最好还是针对反方观点缺点而言。

第五段：结尾，回顾上文，重申观点。

雅思技巧：雅思写作考试如何短小精炼

建议一：避免空洞的单词和词组

1.一些空洞的单词或词组根本不能为句子带来任何相关或重要的信息，完全可以删掉。

比如：When all things are considered, young adults of today live more satisfying lives than those of their parents, in my opinion.

这句话当中的“when all things are considered”和“in my opinion“都显得多余。完全可以去掉。改为：

Young adults of today live more satisfying lives than their parents.

2.有些空洞和繁琐的表达方式可以进行替换。

例如：Due to the fact that our grandparents were under an obligation to help their parents, they did not have the options that young people have at this point in time.

“due to the fact that”就是一个很典型的繁琐的表达方式的例子，可以替换，简化为下面的表达方式：

Because our grandparents were obligated to help their parents, they did not have the options that young people have now.

建议二：避免重复

1.尽量避免重复使用同样的词汇。或者有的时候虽然词汇没有重复，但意思却有重复。这时候可以做一些简化的工作。

例如下面这个例子：The farm my grandfather grew up on was large in size.

large对一个farm来说就是size方面的large，所以in size可以去掉，改为：

The farm my grandfather grew up on was large.

更简洁的表达方式为：

My grandfather grew up on a large farm.

2.有时一个词组可以用一个更简单的单词来替换。

例如：My grandfather has said over and over again that he had to work on his parents' farm.

这里的over and over again就可以改为repeatedly，显得更为简洁：

My grandfather has said repeatedly that he had to work on his parents' farm.

建议三：选择最恰当的语法结构

选择合适的语法结构可以使句子意思的表达更为精确和简练。虽然语法的多样性也很重要，但选择最恰当的语法结构仍然是更为重要的考虑因素。以下原则是在考虑选择何种语法结构时可以参考的原则：

1.一个句子的主语和谓语动词应该能够反映句子中的最重要的意思。

例如：The situation that resulted in my grandfather's not being able to study engineering was that his father needed help on the farm.

从意思上来分析，上面这句话需要表达的重要的概念是“grandfather's not being able to study”，而在表达这个概念时，原句用的主语是situation，谓语动词是was，不能强调需要表达的重点概念，可以改为下面这句话：

My grandfather couldn't study engineering because his father needed help on the farm.

2.避免频繁使用“there be”结构。

例如下面的句子：There were 25 cows on the farm that my grandfather had to milk every day. It was hard work for my grandfather.

可以改为：

My grandfather worked hard. He had to milk 25 cows on the farm every day.

更简洁的句式为：

My grandfather worked hard milking 25 cows daily.

3.把从句改为短语或单词。

例如：Dairy cows were raised on the farm, which was located100 kilometers from the nearest university and was in an area that was remote.

简介的表达方式为：

The dairy farm was located in a remote area, 100 kilometers to the nearest university.

4.仅在需要强调宾语而不是主语的时候，才使用被动语态。

例如：In the fall, not only did the cows have to be milked, but also the hay was mowed and stacked by my grandfather's family.

本句不够简洁的原因是本句的重心应该是“忙碌的家庭-my grandfather's family”，而使用了被动语态後，彷佛重心变成了cows和hay。下面的表达方式是主动语态，相对来说更简洁一些：

In the fall, my grandfather's family not only milked the cow but also mowed and stacked the hay.

5.用更为精确的一个动词来代替动词短语。

例如：My grandfather didn't have time to stand around doing nothing with his school friends.

Stand around doing nothing其实可以用一个动词来表达，即loiter：

My grandfather didn't have time to loiter with his school friends.

6.有时两句话的信息经过组合完全可以用一句话来简练地表达。

例如：Profits from the farm were not large. Sometimes they were too small to meet the expenses of running a farm. They were not sufficient to pay for a university degree.

两句话的信息可以合并为下面这句更为简洁的句子：

Profits from the farm were sometimes too small to meet operational expenses, let alone pay for a university degree.