初中英语词汇短语辨析
初中英语词汇，掌握它们，可以通过词组辨析题。下面是本站小编给大家整理的初中英语词汇短语辨析的相关知识，供大家参阅!
Spend take pay
pay 的主语必须是人: (sb) pay money for sth. / pay sth.;
spend的主语必须是人: (sb.) spend money/ sth./ in doing sth. 在......方面花钱或精力;
take 表示做某事花费多少时间, 其主语一般是 一件事 ; 有时也可以是人: It takes/ took sb. some time to do sth. 强调完成动作所花费的时间。
① It takes sb. some time to do sth.
It took him half an hour to finish his homework. 他花了半个小时完成家庭作业。 ② sb. spends some time/money on sth./(in) doing sth.
I spent thirty yuan on this book. 我三十元买了这本书。
She spent ten minutes (in) getting there. 她 10分钟到达那儿。
③ sb. pays (some money) for sth.
He paid a lot of money for the building. 他买房子花了许多钱。
表“花费”的动词中，还有一个，即cost:
cost 的主语必须是物或事: (sth.) cost(s) sb. money/life/health/time...;
This coat cost me eighty yuan. 这件上衣花了我80元。
初中英语词汇短语辨析2on in at
介词at表时间、表地点。
(1)at表示时间，用于钟点前，用于时刻前，译为"在......时(刻)"。如：
at three/three o'clock 在三点。
at a quarter to six 六点差一刻。
at noon 在中午，at night 在夜晚， at midnight 在半夜
at breakfast/lunch/supper 在吃早饭/午饭/晚饭时
at this time of day 在每天这个时候
(2)at表示地点，一般用于较小的地名(方)前，译为" 在......"。如：
at home 在家，at the station 在车站
(3)at表示处于......状态，译为"从事于......"。如：
at school 在上学，at work 在工作
【相关链接】at加名词一般可与现在进行时态互换使用，表示正在进行的动作，试比较：They are at work./They are working.
小小介词in，用途却很多。可表时间，表地点，表手段、方法、材料。
(1)in表示时间，用于泛指一天的上午、下午、晚上等;用于某个较长的时间，如年、月、季节等。如：
in the morning/afternoon/evening在上(下午)或晚上，in 2003在2003年，in the day/daytime在白天
【相关链接】in还可以表示"从现在起一段时间以后"。如：
They will see you in a week.他们将在一周后去看你。
另外，in和at都可以表示时间，但in表示较长的时间，而at 表示时间的某一点。例如：
He got up late in the morning and had a meal at noon.他早上起得晚，所以只吃午餐。
(2)in表示地点、场所，译为"在......里"、" 在......中"。如：in the factory 在工厂，in the room 在房间里，in the sun 在阳光下，in the middle of...在......的中央
【相关链接】in和at都可表示地点，而in表示的地点比at所表示的地点大。
(3)in表示用语言，用......材料。译为" 用......，以......方式"。如：in English用英语，in ink用墨水
(4)in表示穿戴的状态，译为"戴着、穿着"。如：in the white shirt穿着白色的衬衫，in the cap戴着帽子
【相关链接】in表示"穿(戴)着"是介词，指状态，同wear 一样。in后接表示服装类的名词或表示颜色的词。如：
Kate is in a red skirt./Kate wears a red skirt.凯特穿着红裙子。
介词on表示时间、地点、方位等。
(1)on表示时间，用于星期、日期(包括该天的各部分)。如：on Sunday/Sundays，on Monday morning/afternoon/evening等。
on也用于某一日的名词前，用于公共节假日前。如：
On New Year's Day 在元旦，on Children's Day 在儿童节等。
(2)on表示地点、位置，有"在......旁"、"接近"、"靠近"之意。如：
a house on the main road 临大街的房子， sit on my right 坐在我的右边
(3)on表示状态，译为"处于......情况中，从事于......"等。如：
on duty 值日，on holiday 度假
(4)on表示"在......上面"，用在表示物体的名词前。如：
on the box 在盒子上
【相关链接】on和over都是介词，on表示"在...... 上面"，指一物体与另一物体表面相接触;over表示"在......上方"，指一物体与另一物体不接触。试比较：
There is a light on the desk.桌子上有盏台灯。(light与desk接触)
There is a light over the desk.桌子上方有一盏灯。(light与desk不接触)
【特别提示】表示"在......上"，介词on与in必须注意习惯用法，否则会出错。不妨比较一番：
on the tree/in the tree都译为"......在树上"。前者表示树上本身所长着的叶子、花、果实等;后者表示某物或某人在树上。
on the wall/in the wall都译为"在墙上"。由于介词不同，在使用上有区别。图画、黑板、风筝等"在墙上"，是因为它们在墙的表面上，故用on the wall;门窗、钉子、洞、孔等"在墙上"，是因为它们在墙的里面，故用in the wall。
初中英语词汇短语辨析3Look和See
都是“看”的意思。look是不及物动词，一般单独使用，look at是及物动词，后可接所看的事物，东西，see也是及物动词，后可接所看的人，电影等。如：
a. look一词单独用时，表示 “看!”，通常要放在句首。如：
Look! There is a monkey in the tree. 看!树上有一只猴子。
b. look at表示要看具体的内容，如人或物。如：
Don’t look at me. Look at the blackboard, please. 不要看我，请看黑板。 c. see表示看的结果，即“看到;看见”。如：
Can you see the words on the blackboard? 你能看见黑板上的字吗?
see也用于“看电影”这个词组中，即：see a film
初中英语常用词组辨析题1选用下列短语的适当形式填空。
be surprised at be angry with be made of be made for be famous for be amazed at be afraid of be fed up with be able to
be worried about be sorry for be fast asleep
children had a good time in the zoo. But they _______ the animals in the cages.
2.I used to eat a lot of meat. But now I _______________ it.
3.I _______________ the beautiful scenery in Xiamen. I really enjoyed myself when I was visiting the city.
Mei was born in the year of snake. But she _______________ snakes.
of us _______________ the news that Miss Gao won’t come to the evening party this Saturday.
se don’t _______________ me if I don’t go swimming with you.
! The baby _______________.
8.I found the dress which _______________ paper very strange.
said that she _______________ support her family since two years ago.
Green is ill in hospital. Everyone _______________ her.
初中英语常用词组辨析2选用所给的词组填空，每小题只能填一个词组，每个词组只能用一次。
on watch on display on the other hand neither … nor on foot on the left not…at all not only … but also on earth on time no matter no longer
1. Mr. Huang is _______________ our teacher _______________ our friend.
2. The old man _______________ lives here. He lives with his son in Canada.
3. Every day it takes me five minutes to go to school _______________.
4. The soldier was standing _______________ though it was snowing hard.
5. A new kind of car was _______________ in the shop.
6. ____________ Bill _______________ Jack knows how to spell the word “ heard ”.
7. She is going to be a singer _______________ what difficulties she met.
8. I think he is the luckiest man _______________.
9. He is clever, but _______________, he makes many mistakes.
10. Little John is ________ tall enough to touch it _______________.
初中英语常用词组辨析3选用下列短语的适当形式填空。
fill … with play with begin with quarrel with agree with thanks to so far regard … as as well do their best throw about put away take away run away wash away keep from
more houses have been built for teachers in our city _______________.
2._______________ the teacher, we all did well in maths.
not only sings, she dances _______________.
doctor often _______________ the bottle _______________ medicine.
’s dangerous _______________ fire.
museum _______________ one of the best schools.
_______________ what I said after I had explained.
Chinese people _______________ to make their country strong.
ily they _______________ from a fire.
er always tells me not ____________ my clothes
____________ in the room.
’d better _______________ the food. It smells bad.
bridge _______________ by the flood.
13. My English teacher often ____________ her class ____________ an English song.
14. The sand can __________________________ moving towards the rich farmland.
