美联储自金融危机以来第三次加息

The US central bank has raised short-term interest rates for only the third time since the financial crisis, stepping up the pace of tightening as policymakers grow increasingly confident that America’s enduring recovery will lift inflation.

美联储(Fed)自金融危机以来第三次上调短期利率，加快了加息步伐，因政策制定者日益相信美国经济复苏续航力不错，将提升通胀。

The Federal Reserve raised the target range for the federal funds rate to 0.75 per cent to 1 per cent, in a move that has come earlier than markets were expecting as recently as last month.

美国央行将联邦基金利率的目标区间上调至0.75%至1%，此举早于上月市场预期。

Fed policymakers stuck with previous median projections that there will be a total of three increases in rates this year, defying predictions from some analysts that it would release a more aggressive set of rate-raising forecasts. One rate-setter — Neel Kashkari of the Minneapolis Fed — dissented from the vote for a rise, arguing in favour of unchanged rates.

美联储政策制定者坚持此前的预测中值：今年将总共加息3次，这与一些分析师的预测不符；他们原本预测，美联储将提出更激进的加息预测。一位利率决策者（明尼阿波利斯联储银行(Minneapolis Fed)行长尼尔?卡什卡利(Neel Kashkari)）不同意加息，他主张维持利率不变。

In new language, the Fed’s statement also stressed that its inflation target is symmetric, in an acknowledgment that price growth could surpass its 2 per cent target without forcing the central bank to clamp down precipitately.

此外，美联储的声明使用了新的措辞，强调其通胀目标是对称的，这表明美联储承认，物价涨幅可能超出其2%的目标，却不会迫使美联储大举干预。

Treasury yields dived and the US dollar came under pressure immediately after the statement. The yield on the 10-year Treasury note, which moves inversely to price, fell by as much as 8.9 basis points to 2.511 per cent, its biggest intraday drop in two months. The 2-year yield was down 4.6 per cent at 1.330 per cent.

声明公布后，美国国债收益率随即跳水，同时美元汇率面临压力。美国10年期国债收益率一度下跌10.7个基点，至2.9%，是自从去年11月9日（美国总统大选投票日之后的那一天）以来最大的日内跌幅。两年期国债收益率下跌7.9%，至1.297%。

The dollar index, which gauges the buck against a basket of half a dozen peers, was down by 0.7 per cent, as expectations of four rate rises were dashed.

衡量美元兑一篮子6种其他货币汇率的美元指数下滑1.1%，因年内加息4次的预期破灭。