历史今天:1971年卡塔尔成立(9.3)

【英文原文】

Qatar, also known as the State of Qatar or locally Dawlat Qaṭar, is an Arab emirate in the Middle East, occupying the small Qatar Peninsula on the northeasterly coast of the larger Arabian Peninsula. It is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the south; otherwise the Persian Gulf surrounds the state. An oil-rich nation, Qatar has the second highest GDP per capita in the world. An absolute monarchy, Qatar has been ruled by the al-Thani family since the mid-1800s and has since transformed itself from a poor British protectorate noted mainly for pearling into an independent state with significant oil and natural gas revenues. During the late 1980s and early 1990s, the Qatari economy was crippled by a continuous siphoning off of petroleum revenues by the Amir, who had ruled the country since 1972. His son, the current Amir HAMAD bin Khalifa al-Thani, overthrew him in a bloodless coup in 1995. In 2001, Qatar resolved its longstanding border disputes with both Bahrain and Saudi Arabia. As of 2007, oil and natural gas revenues had enabled Qatar to attain the second-highest per capita income in the world.

【中文译文】

卡塔尔，也被称为卡塔尔国或Dawlat Qatar，是一个中东的阿拉伯酋长国，位于阿拉伯半岛东北海岸的小卡塔尔半岛。它南侧与沙特阿拉伯接壤，另一侧是波斯湾。作为一个石油储量丰富的国家，卡塔尔的人均国内生产总值在世界上名列第二。作为一个君主制国家，卡塔尔自19世纪中叶就被阿勒萨尼家族统治，从一个在英国保护下的贫穷国家成为一个独立石油和天然气的输出国。在80年代末和90年代初，由于自1972年上任的国王埃米尔一直盗取国家的石油收入，卡塔尔经济一度陷于瘫痪。他的儿子，现任的埃米尔哈马德本哈利法阿勒萨尼，1995年推翻了一场政变。 2001年，卡塔尔解决了其与巴林和沙特阿拉伯长期的边界争端。截至2007年，石油和天然气的收入已使卡塔尔达到人均收入第二高的国家。